Film and media are very powerful in social science research. They present us with unique methods to study culture, identity, power and the human experience. In documentaries, feature films, news reports, and social media students see how stories are told, which voices are given out there, and how visual stories play a role in what we think of as social truth. Also here are ten very good research questions high school students may look at which use film and media as subject and method.
1. How do movies play a role in the development of social and cultural norms?
Movies play a large role in the way we as a society present and see ourselves and each other. We can look at how films do this by which they support or question stereotypes, put forth certain value systems, or report on changes in what is accepted by the public. For example in looking at the role of gender in popular films over time we can see how social expectations have changed. Also look at international films which may present how other cultures present family, authority, or youth and in what ways those presentations in turn shape the views and behaviors of the audience.
2. In what roles do documentaries play in social change?
Documentaries bring to light issues which are not given coverage or which are ignored, they spark up public debate and at times bring forth policy change. Look into particular docs which have dealt with climate change, migration, or civil rights issues see how they have changed public opinion or brought about action. Also look at the ethical issues doc filmmakers have in truly and respectfully presenting their subjects which in turn plays into how the audience feels and what they take away and do with that information.
3. What role do marginalized voices play in the media? How is it that some are silenced?
Film is a non-neutral medium which amplifies some voices and suppresses others. Look at how movies and the news report on issues related to marginalized groups like immigrants, refugees, or racial minorities. Which stories are told, which are left out, and what perspectives are missing that is what we are after. Also include in your study the main stream vs independent or grass roots media and look at how visibility or lack thereof plays into public empathy and policy.
4. What role does the media play in identity formation?
Media reports also play a role in how we see ourselves and in what groups we put ourselves. In terms of research, we look at the issue of stereotypes which we see over and over again in film and TV of race, gender, class, or sexuality for instance which in turn play into how viewers’ see their own self worth, what they aspire to, and how they fit in. You may conduct interviews, surveys or analysis of what is put out in certain genres of film and TV (like the superhero movie or the teen drama) to see the results of positive vs negative portrayals on young audiences.
5. How do films present history and what are the results?
Historical films and docudramas are a hit in the classroom but they also mix fact and fiction. Study how movies like “Schindler’s List” or “Selma” form the public’s memory of past events. Look at the accuracy of what is presented, the choices which filmmakers make in presenting true stories, and how such choices in turn shape what students take away as history. Also this research may look at film’s role in either setting the record straight or in20 passing along historical half truths.
6. What roles do media technologies play in social movements?
Social media, live streaming, and digital video has changed the way social movements organize and put out information. Look at how activists are using film and media to get out the word, report on protests, and push back against disinformation. Study cases like the Arab Spring, Black Lives Matter, or climate strikes which saw how visual storytelling and going viral played a role in raising public awareness and getting people involved in social justice issues.
7. What is the issue in documentary filmmaking?
Documentary filmmakers have difficult decisions to make regarding privacy, consent, and representation. Look at the issues of which we research filming vulnerable groups, stage setting for drama, and the edit choice which tells a certain story. Also look at how filmmakers walk the line between advocacy and objectivity which in turn plays a role in the credibility and impact of their work.
8. What does film censorship do to reflect social and political power?
Censorship in the film and media is a barometer of a society’s values and fears. See how governments and institutions play which contents out like political dissent, sex, or religion are suppressed and what that says about power structures. Also look at how censorship practices vary between countries and over time, and study the methods films use to get around those restrictions and out to the public.
9. What role do films and media play in the development of emotion and empathy?
Visual stories put forth powerful emotions and tell of issues beyond our personal experience. Look at which films and media campaigns have run the gamut on issues of poverty, disability, or war. You may look at how audiences react, do surveys before and after the screening, or study the methods which filmmakers use -- like music, editing or close ups that create that emotional response.
10. In what role do films and media play in the creation of social identity?
Media which we consume plays a major role in the formation and expression of our identities. We look at how films and TV play a role in the construction of national, ethnic, or generational identities. For instance you may look at how Bollywood films play into the idea of Indian identity, or how superhero movies shaped American culture. This research may include study of audiences, analysis of fan communities, or comparison of media from different cultures.
Film and media present a very complex and dynamic platform for social science research. Through the study of representation, power, emotion, and technology students may use visual storytelling to present new perspectives on social issues and at times bring about change. As you analyze a classic film, produce your own documentary, or look at the virus’ effect via video, these research questions will help you to put the art of film together with the science of society..
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